In the world exist a lot of languages and each
language involves a culture in which each person belongs to this culture, for
this we use different methods, strategies and procedures to translate and
interpret speech that other people say or communicate in different situations
like at school in which students are more involved in the translation in their
classrooms.
For translating the speech of a culture to
other, we can translate or interpret. Translation expresses in one language a
written text in other language. For example, translating an English written
document to the Spanish. This is focusing in written text through reading. According
to Schreech (2010), translation is precise, that is to say each word of a text
o document must be correct, but that takes a long time to do it.
Interpretation explains in a personal manner
some broadcast messages in an oral manner. For example, when someone speaks
English other person is explaining in other language that this is saying.
Interpreting is focused in speaking through listening. According to Schreech (2010),
in the interpretation, speech is reconstructed with other words what the
speakers is saying, so interpretation can’t be quite precise as a translation.
But interpretation is immediately.
Interpretation is divided in two, simultaneous and
consecutives. First,
simultaneous interpreting is when I’m speaking and another person is
immediately interpreting my ideas. Finally, consecutives interpreting is when a
speaker speaks for a few minutes and the interpreter takes notes and then
speakers stops and the interpreter gives an interpretation about he said.
In the translation techniques there are two
types, Direct Translation
Techniques and Oblique Translation Techniques. First, they’re used when structural and conceptual
elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language.
Also, it’s divided in three: a). Borrowing, it’s the taking of words directly
from one language into another without translation; b) Calque, it’s the taking
of a phrase from another language and translate it literally word-for-word; c) Literal
Translation, it’s a word-for-word translation can be used in some languages and
not others dependent on the sentence structure (Bosco, G., 2013).
Oblique Translation Techniques are used when
the structural or conceptual elements of the source language cannot be directly
translated without altering meaning the grammatical and stylistics elements of
the target language. Also, these are divided in five: a) Transposition, it’s
the process where parts of speech change their sequence when they are translated;
b) Modulation, it’s the using of a phrase that is different in the source and
target languages to convey the same idea; c) Reformulation or Equivalence, it’s
to express something in a completely different way; d) Adaptation, it occurs
when something specific to one language culture is expressed in a totally
different way that is familiar or appropriate to another language culture; e) Compensation,
it’s used when something cannot be translated, and the meaning that is lost is
expressed somewhere else in the translated text (Bosco, G., 2013).
Translation ability is very important in foreign students and teacher, when they aren’t in their country or when they are in a place where the native language is different to they speak. Then, those contacts with foreign languages serve as translation activities can be employed to enhance the four skills and develop accuracy, clarity and flexibility (Duff 1989:7)
Translation ability is very important in foreign students and teacher, when they aren’t in their country or when they are in a place where the native language is different to they speak. Then, those contacts with foreign languages serve as translation activities can be employed to enhance the four skills and develop accuracy, clarity and flexibility (Duff 1989:7)
Finally, everybody can benefit of translation in
special foreign personas as some students, teachers… are a different culture.
Therefore, these can benefit in learning of new culture, though we can’t go to
other country, we can know different people through technological tools and
know new customs.
